Shi Kusan Washin Powder Ba A Daidai Da Biodegradable?

Wanne Ne Ma'anar 'Biodegradable' Don Kankuwan Gishiri

Ma'anar Ilmi vs. Fassarar Markaɗingi

Biodegradability wani mahimmacin yadda microbe taka sauya abubuwa zuwa ga abubuwa kamar ruwa, karbon dioxide, da biomass a karkashin lokuta a halayen duniya. Amma wasan furo suna iya ƙamata da shawara kamar "eco-friendly" ko "natural," waɗanda ba su da ma'ana mamsu. Don haka, abubuwa da ke taimakawa da wani bangare ko kuma ke yi a laburan suna bayar da sauƙi kamar yadda ke kyau ga aljini. Dua misalin surfactants—wani bangare ne daban ne ya yi a tsarin OECD 301 amma yake taka rawar ciki yayin da yake iya samun batutuwa, wato abin da ke nuna greenwashing. Kafuraren na iya iya iyaka kuma—daga bincike sabuwar daga Sustainable Packaging Coalition, takaitattalin 4 daga kusa biyu ne ba su sanin yadda suka bayyana waɗannan alamar aljini akan kayan bayanin nan.

Lokaci, Shara’i, da Abubuwan Baya: Me Zai Muhimmancin Kontinfta

Haɗinna mai kyau ya dace da uku babban sharuɗɗan da ke daidaita:

• Wakati : Tashoshin OECD 301 suna richi 60% kayan kwayar karbon zuwa CO a cikin 28 kwanaki amma girman girman yau da kullun yana rage sosai a ruwa sanyi ko mahallun da suka fi karanci alama irin wadannan ruwan samun gargajiya.
• Sharti : Yawan gwamito ke bincika sharruɗɗan (mai oksijin), amma gargaji, mayeji, da tsawon ruwa masu zuma suna daidai ana rayuwa a cikin halayen da ba a yarda da oksijin-inda kariƙo ya daina ko yana samar da metan da kayan da suka shafi.
• Sakamako : Iyakar formula zata bada rashin muhimmanci kimikal , amma ta hanyar samar da microplastics, metabolites masu zuwa, ko kayan da suka shafi tsarin kungiyar jiki. Ba tare da tabbatar da sakamakon mara idduwa, biodegradable bai saƙaƙe gaba daya.

Basa tare da nuna duk uku, alamar bai yi daidai kimiyya-ba har ma yake na iya kama.

Yadda Anke Bincika Biodegradability Na Iyakar Washin Gishiri Kuma Wanne Ne A Dukko Shiryar Tashoshi

Tsarin OECD 301: Gwamitoci Aerobic Da Karkashinsu Na Lab Zuwa Cikin Yau Da Kullun

Seri 301 na OECD yayi ne babba wanda bincikai ke amfani da shi don nuna cewa "bayan kai" wani abu yana barin karɓar. A halen, wannan bincike yana duba yadda yawa CO2 mikrobu bayan su kasance a laba daga cikin batun gina marduba a tsawon uku-4. Idan kama-karƙe 60% na karɓon ya canzawa, to sabon bayan kai zai dace. Amma haka nan: wannan aiki zai yi kyau a labo koda sai ba zai yi kyau a halayen daidai ba. Zuma mai siyayya ta atomatiko yana tsakanin daraja 10 zuwa 15, wanda ke sama da darajar 20 zuwa 25 da aka amfani da su a binciken. Sai kuma, kowane rajona tana da nau'oyin mikrobu daban-daban a tsarin ruwan sa. Kuma mu fara ganin duk wadannan kayayyakin kimiya da ke fitowa a cikin zamunan zuma kamar chlorine da phosphates wanda ke raba ayyukan barin karɓar. Wanda ke karkara rashin fahimtar halayen shine anna standaɗi suna raƙumin cewa karɓon da ba'a ma misali shine ya zama juyin jakkar mai amintam. Amma hakika? Ba mu san koyaushe alhali ne, musamman lokacin da muke dealing with complicated detergents da samfurin gyara.

Ƙaramin Mutum: Me Zai Anaerobic (OECD 209) da Yanayin Testa na Wastewater Sun Rare

Kamar yawan 70% na karkashin gwamnati na zuwa duniya duk suna amfani da proses na anaerobic digestion, amma irin wadannan ayyukan da ke duba yadda kayayyaki ke rage ta hanyar sludge mai tsada oxygen (OECD 209) ba su da yawa. Zarkeri masu sauƙi suna tafi da standardai masu ukuwa, kuma shagoni suna sarariwa aikin anaerobic validation saboda ya nema karance kudaden da kayan aiki mai matsala. Muna ganin kadan daga cikin tadonin da aka girma ne don ma'adinin gwiwa, inda kayayyaki ke hada da yanayin da ke iya canzawa pH, har ma sauran kayan kimiya mai yanki, kuma a cikin wadannan sludge mai zurfi kamar yaki. Saboda wannan karanci, kayan manyan da aka fitar da “biodegradable” suna ƙunshi abubuwa kamar synthetic polymers, optical brighteners, da irin surfactants da ke kula da septic systems, waste solids, kuma akarsa suna kula da karin samun sama – duk wadannan kayan nan suka dace da lab test standard yayin da suke duba aerobics degradation kawai.

Abubuwan da suka shan da ba za a iya kiyaye ba a cikin Fasaha mai washa abubuwa masu amfani

Mabudin washa, Enzymes, da Jerin abubuwa da suka shan hanyar da ke tsaya ne har ma 'Eco' yaya

Yawancin kayayyaki tare da alamar muhalli har yanzu suna ƙunshe da kayan aiki na roba kamar SLS da SLES waɗanda da ƙyar suke lalacewa a cikin tsarin ruwa na halitta, galibi ƙasa da 5%. Ko da waɗannan kayayyakin suna da'awar cewa suna da lalataccen halitta bisa ga gwajin OECD 301, waɗannan gwaje-gwajen ba su nuna yanayin duniya sosai ba. Enzymes da aka samo a cikin waɗannan masu tsabtace suna da asali na halitta amma suna buƙatar masu kiyayewa kamar methylisothiazolinone don su kasance masu karko. Abin baƙin ciki, wannan abu yana da guba ga rayuwar ruwa kuma ba ya lalata sosai. Abubuwan da ke sa haske da aka yi da su da kuma turare na iya zama a cikin yanayi na shekaru da yawa, suna tarawa a cikin ruwa da kuma ƙananan ƙwayoyin ruwa. Akwai kuma batun 1,4-dioxane, wanda ke faruwa ba zato ba tsammani yayin yin wasu abubuwan aiki. Tun da ba a ƙara shi da gangan ba yayin samarwa, ƙa'idodi a wurare kamar Amurka da EU ba sa buƙatar kamfanoni su lissafa shi a jerin abubuwan haɗin duk da cewa yana iya zama mai cutar kansa ga mutane.

Istijari da aka aminta don Sabun Washin Biodegradable kuma wanda suke garcewa

USDA BioPreferred, EPA Safer Choice, da Ecocert: Fassarar, Tatsuniya, da Karami

Matsayi masu iko suna ba da ilimin baiyawa amma babu komai:

• USDA BioPreferred yana tabbatarwa tare da ma'adinin carbon na biyo (misali, surfactants mai tsorige) amma bai bai yi muhakkarin daga cewa yana biodegrading ko in wane hanyar da ke samuwa ko totoxin na ruwan dabi'a.
• EPA Safer Choice yana duba kowane abubuwa da ake sauya bisa zuwa kafin kula da alamu na EPA game da kariyar insanin da kariyar dabi'a - amma yana sarrafa kinetikin biodegradation, fate anaerobic ko profile na metabolites.
• Ecocert ECO yana sanya wani bar ta sama a tsakanin alamar gaba daya: 95% abubuwan da ke biodegrade, karancewa kan phosphates, derivatives na petroliam, GMOs, kuma hududun mai zurfi akan metals mai zurfi da VOCs.

Wasu abubuwan da wasu ilimin tallafin suna da su ne shine wanda suka cire sabada. Babu wani yadda ya nemo abubuwa kamar yadda kayayyakin bayyane ba tare da hunzun, ko suna haifar da microplastics daga wasu mabudin gini ko mabudin rage, ko ina baya a ruwan dan adamu na sauƙi (kamar yadda OECD 310 ya yi gwaji). Tallafi mai zuwa a watan da ya gabata ya nuna abu mai sha'awa - kawai kusan 12% ce kimanin wasu mabudin rage wanda ya ambata yana da alama ta eco-friendly take iya nuna irin abubuwan da suke amfani dashi a lokacin bayyanawa. Mabudin ragena, mabudin rage, mabudin rage... babu wani ya karɓar daidai. Idan muna so mu kasance a duniyar da aka ambata alama ta eco, stop amfani da alamar da aka ambata. Nemi masu amfani da abubuwan tallafi na makaranta domin nuna duk abubuwa da bayyane safe tare da hunzun da tare da ba tare da hunzun. Kuma tabbata su nuna abubuwan da suka sauya a formulas, kuma abubuwan da za su barcin a lokacin production.

Sashen Tambayoyi

Yaushe keke nufi 'biodegradable' a cikin wani mahulga na doro-doron ruwa?

'Biodegradable' yana nufi iya juyawa ta microbes don kawo abubuwan kamar doro-doron ruwa zuwa ma, karbon dioxide, da biomass a karkashin halayyin na asali. Amma, waɗanda suna ce biodegradable suna iya kama, saboda suna iya bai niƙe shawarar halayyin da suka kawo abubuwan bayanin kammalitawa.

Wace ne kyauwarta na mahulga don biodegradability?

Biodegradability mai kyau ya tashi ne akan uku: lokaci, sharuddan, da nau'in samun abu. Bayanin baya wannan, alamarin biodegradability zata bisa kuma, saboda ba za ta nuna tasirin na gona ba.

Wane ne iyakokin yanayin biodegradability?

Amsun yanayin OECD 301 ake amfani da su ne domin lissafin kama biodegradability amma suna tafiya wajen yanayin aerobic, wanda bai nuna ma'ajan duniya yaɗi ba kamar yadda ke cikin shirye-shiryen samun gurji. Amshe ana bugun yanayin anaerobic sannan kuma mai fiye da kusurori, amma yana nuna ma'ajan da ke cikin wasu samun gurji na duniya.

Shin akwai abubuwan da ba su biodegradable ba cikin garbunku masu lafiyar eco?

Ee, wasu garbunku da ke da lafiyar eco suna da albabbar synthetic surfactants da additives wanda yake tsawa cikin mahali, irin waɗo labarai tests. Abubuwa kamar optical brighteners da preservatives zai iya tsawon shekara a cikin mahali.

Wanne lafiya zai taimaka wajen ganin garbunku masu biodegradable?

Lafiyoyin kamar USDA BioPreferred, EPA Safer Choice, da Ecocert suna ba da ilimin inganci akan wani daraja, amma bai kammala duk sharuddan biodegradation da toxicity ba. Masu siyan dole ne su dubi sakamakon lab taɓawa da bayanin abubuwan da ke cikin garbun daga masu amfawa.